Construction materials form the backbone of civil engineering works and are chosen based on their properties, availability, and suitability for different structures. The main materials include stone, bricks, cement, concrete, timber, steel, and aggregates. Stones and bricks are commonly used in masonry works due to their strength and durability. Cement, when mixed with sand and aggregates, produces concrete, which is the most widely used material in construction because of its versatility and high compressive strength. Timber is valued for its ease of use, light weight, and good appearance, while steel is preferred for reinforcement and structural works due to its high tensile strength and ductility. Each material has specific characteristics such as strength, durability, workability, and resistance to weathering, which must be considered before use. A civil engineer must understand these properties to select the right material for each project, ensuring safety, economy, and sustainability in construction.